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Bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the critical need to curtail this global public health problem have reached wide awareness among healthcare providers, hospital administrators, public health officials, and even the public. The professional and lay literature continues to report the consequence of antibiotic misuse and the rise in strains resistant to antibiotics. When trying to understand drug resistance and develop ways to control the mounting public health problem, there are many factors to consider, which have both health and ecologic considerations. This book addresses that challenge.
The major thrust of the authors is to define the problem and offer global and multidisciplinary approaches to resolve it as drug resistance confronts individuals, hospitals and communities. What do we need to know to help clinicians and public health officials correct the situation? What theories should be entertained and what policies and practice can be engaged to produce a change? These are some of the questions asked and discussed from a variety of viewpoints. Using theory, an understanding of practice, and the factors involved in creating and perpetuating the problem, the authors suggest policies and guidelines which target reversing drug resistance. Antibiotic use, both in terms of quantity and length of application, is the major contributor to the selection and propagation of resistant strains. While some antibiotic resistance may emerge with each treatment, the steady rise in resistance frequency in an environment generally implies prolonged use and/or use at a concentration which is too low to effect cure, but high enough to encourage growth of resistant strains. Besides antibiotic use, other factors, including epidemiology, gene transfer, and even other drugs, influence the resistance phenomenon
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